PROFILE OF INDONESIAN HUMAN RESOURCES IN HOTEL AND RESTAURANT INDUSTRIES

Introduction
The beauty of nature and richness of natural resources of Indonesia make Indonesian people to gratitude to the merciful God and to maintain to live upon peace, mutual assistant and appreciate one another. It is the fact that the diversity of arts, culture and ethnics has made Indonesian people as apart of world that loves peace and brotherhood. The sincere brotherhood of Indonesian reflects the warmth and friendliness to other without distinction in social strata of Indonesian lives. Institutes of tourism in Indonesia that appreciates professionalism, quality and peace are a part of elements of this nation which participate actively in building human resource especially in the field of hotel industry. Tourism sector which is concerned very much with the effort of developing the quality of nation and acts as a bridge for civilization from time to time and from generation to generation, deeply bound in love, brotherhood and peace, institutes of tourism develop tourism as a golden bridge to reach the peace, and to strengthen brotherhood for the world wide civilization.

Program Objective of Hotel & Restaurant Education� ����
The objective of education on hotel is reformation of the entire training system of hospitality to ensure that the training programmes meet the industry standard on consistent basis level.

General Objectives of Hotel and Restaurant Education :

• to develop partnerships between the education player, industry and government from other countries in order to be able to produce human resources that can compete in fast changing global market place
• to establish an academic vision and mission by implementing a new model of the learning process (competency based training, CBT) that ensures the graduates having standard knowledge and competencies linked to industries needs and international recognition.
• To strengthen the capacity of government agencies and industry associations by developing mutual partner ship to manage a training system to ensure industry standards at consistent and sustainable level.

 

Specific Objective of Hotel & Restaurant Education

• To develop teaching and assessing processes where training can match job competencies required by institution of tourism
• To design and develop the course outline (core subjects) which allow a multi exit / entry level and self-paces training/ learning program
• To simplify assessment procedures, which willensure a consistent and affordable systems
• To motivate student to study at different rates and allow them to take self responsibility for their own learning
• To ensure students being task-oriented and active
• To maximize relationship with industry

Indonesia and Competency Based Training
Since its implementation in Institution of Tourism, Indonesia and Competency Based Training (CBT) Has widely implemented and is now accepted as the model for education and training for hotel and tourism in Indonesia. The Hotel and Restaurant Association (PHRI), Jakarta International Hotel Association (JIHA), Ministry of National of education (MONE), Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration (MOMT), Professional Association and Other related industry Association and other related industry Associations all endorse CBT as the main frame for Hospitality training in Indonesia. There are now almost 90% the school using CBT as standard competency, due to the new regulation from the government that all vocational high school students should use competency for their final test. In a year 2004 there were 400 assessors. To be an assessors have to graduate from university (4 years of study) with 5 years minimum experiences and should be certified by professional Association on tourism. There is now in place a management body to manage standard competency, certification, registration of institutes and assessors (A partnership between industry, institutes and government). This is to ensure a consistent usage of CBT in Indonesia AHRA ( Asian Hotel and Restaurant Association) is now considering adopting this process to ensure rule and regulations in place for staff movement once AFTA (asean Free Agreement) is fully place.

 

National Competency Standard of Indonesia
Here are three section in occupation based competency standard as follow :

• House keeping consist of : Houseman, Laundry Attendant, room Attendant, Order Taker, Supervisor, Assistant Executive Housekeeper, Housekeeper executive

• Food production consist of : Butcher, Baker, Commis Pastry, Chef the Pastry, Commis Chef, Demi Chef, Executive Chef,

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• Food & beverage service consist of : Waiter, Bartender, Head Waiter, F & B Outlet Manager, F & B Director.

Program of Study on Tourism by Occupation

• Program of Study Diploma 1 :
• Length of study 1 (one) years
• Occupation ; waiter, butcher, houseman, room attendant, baker, bartender, laundry attendant, order taker
• Program of Study Diploma 3 :
• Length of study 3 (three) years and experiences
• Occupation, supervisor, chef the pastry, commis pastry, head waiter.�
• Program of Study Diploma 4 and Degree (Bachelor) :
• Length of study 4 (four)year and experience
• Occupation; assistant executive housekeeper, executive housekeeper, F & B executive chef, F & B Director

On the Job Training Programs
Job training program is one of hotel and restaurant educational program to develop professional of graduation. There are more than five hundred students have training in international Hotel in Asia Pacific America, Europe and Middle East Every Year. International Hotel as a place of training for hotel students are:

• Asia Pacific :
• Holiday in Singapore, Mandarin Hotel, Riverview Hotel
• Nusa 2dua Beach Hotel, Grand Hyatt Bali, Sheraton Hotel Bali
• Park Plaza KL, Concorde Hotel KL and Shah alam, Eastin Hotel
• The empire Country Club Brunai
• Fuji Hotel Japan
• Pasta Fraska da Salvatore Restaurant, American Club Singapore
• Omara's Bar and Sydney
• America : Cherokee North Carolina, Hyatt Colorado
• Europe :
• Golden Tulip Groups, the Netherlands, Park Hotel London
• Fine Eastern Restaurant, Selected Indonesian Restaurant, Houseban Restaurant
• Middle East :
• Hilton Mecca Red sea Jeddah, Royal Mirage Dubai

Industrial Placement
Industrial placement of tourism graduate is spread of in international Hotel and Restaurant in the World. They work mostly in international chain Hotel around the world such as The Mandarin, Hyatt Hotel, Hilton Hotel, Holiday Inn, accord Groups, Crown Hotel, Club Med, Sheraton Hotel, JW Marriot, Ritz Carlton, Inter-Continental Hotel and Floating Hotel (Cruise). The Graduation work in all areas of occupation such as Housekeeping, Food Production and Food &Beverage sections in many position start from craft level (Housemen, butcher, waiter and may other) to middle level (Supervisor, head waiter, chef the party, bartender, chef pastry and many other). There are only view persons to have high level positions such as Executive Housekeeper, Executive Chef and F & B Director)

Operational Curriculum Hotel Department���

• Total Credit for Diploma IV

For every group :
Generally Subjects.....10
Basic Specialized Subjects. 52
Main Specialized Subjects..90

• Total Credit For Diploma III

For every group :
Generally Subjects.....5
Basic Specialized Subjects. 26
Main Specialized Subjects..62
Complimentary Subjects..24

• Total Credit For Diploma I

Rooms Division for every group :
Generally Subjects.....4
Specialized Subjects..... 4
Basic Specialized Subjects..10
Main Specialized Subjects..24

• Total Credit For Diploma I

Production for every group :
Generally Subjects.....4
Specialized Subjects..... 4
Basic Specialized Subjects..12
Main Specialized Subjects..20

• Total Credit For Diploma I

Food and Beverage service for every group:
Generally Subjects.....4
Specialized Subjects..... 4
Basic Specialized Subjects..14
Main Specialized Subjects..22

 

Conclusion
In general in tourism have a important role to developed human resources of Indonesia particularly in hotel and restaurant industries. The competency, which they have are recognized by International standard competency or famous with OBT (Competency Based Training) The result of Indonesia workers and trainees who have overseas experiences are they working professionally, though on skill, high quality and standard of knowledge, good attitude hospitality of workers ? trainers, hopefully, Indonesia graduated will be accepted working in all around the world in near future.